Current Issue : July - September Volume : 2018 Issue Number : 3 Articles : 6 Articles
The aim of this in vitro study is to prepare and characterize drug free and pentamidine\nloaded chitosan glutamate coated niosomes for intranasal drug delivery to reach the brain through\nintranasal delivery. Mucoadhesive properties and stability testing in various environments were\nevaluated to examine the potential of these formulations to be effective drug delivery vehicles for\nintranasal delivery to the brain. Samples were prepared using thin film hydration method. Changes\nin size and �¶-potential of coated and uncoated niosomes with and without loading of pentamidine\nin various conditions were assessed by dynamic light scattering (DLS), while size and morphology\nwere also studied by atomic force microscopy (AFM). Bilayer properties and mucoadhesive behavior\nwere investigated by fluorescence studies and DLS analyses, respectively. Changes in vesicle size\nand �¶-potential values were shown after addition of chitosan glutamate to niosomes, and when in\ncontact with mucin solution. In particular, interactions with mucin were observed in both drug free\nand pentamidine loaded niosomes regardless of the presence of the coating. The characteristics of the\nproposed systems, such as pentamidine entrapment and mucin interaction, show promising results\nto deliver pentamidine or other possible drugs to the brain via nasal administration....
As HANARO has been recently required to support new R&D relevant to future nuclear systems requiring much higher neutron\nfluence, two types of bottom rod tip of the capsule were preliminarily prepared. The first one is a conventional design made of\nSTS304 and welded using a tungsten inert gas (TIG) weldingmethod. The other is a new designmade of STS316L and welded using\nelectron beam (EB) welding to strengthen the fatigue property of the rod tip. During the out-pile testing, they failed after 40 and\n203 days, respectively. The fracture surfaces were examined using microscopes and the maximal applied stresses were estimated.\nThe combination of these stresses was proved to be sufficient to cause a fatigue failure of the rod tip of the capsule. Based on the\nfailure analysis, an optimized design of the rod tip of the capsule was made for long-term irradiation testing. It was designed to\nimprove the welding and fatigue properties, to decrease the applied stress on the rod tip, and to fundamentally eliminate the effect\nof residual stress due to welding. The newly designed capsule was safely out-pile-tested up to 450 days and will be utilized for\nHANARO irradiation testing....
The demand for fast dissolving tablet (FDT) has been growing during the last decade especially for elderly and children who have swallowing difficulties. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist (LTRA), anti-asthmatic used for the maintenance treatment of asthma and to relieve symptoms of seasonal allergies. It is effective in relieving nasal congestion, particularly in patients with allergic rhinitis. In present work an attempt has been made to prepare fast dissolving tablets of montelukast sodium with increased rate of dissolution may leads to increase bioavailability. In present work fast dissolving tablet of montelukast sodium prepared using crosscarmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate and kollidon cl-m as superdisintegrants by direct compression method. The tablets were evaluated for various parameters like weight variation, hardness, friability, in-vitro dispersion time, drug-polymer interaction, drug content water absorption ratio, wetting time, in-vitro drug release. The tablet prepared by direct compression method passes weight variation was found in the range 113 to 121 mg which is below ±7.5%, hardness, 3.69±0.25to3.51±0.27kg/cm2, percentage friability of 0.22 to 0.37%, in-vitro disintegration time of 51 to17 sec, drug content uniformity was in between 98.23 to 98.75%, water absorption ratio were found between 61to 38% and wetting time between 58.23 to 21.12 seconds, maximum drug release 87.75 to 98.75% shows within 10 min. FTIR study showed that there was no drug interaction with formulation additives of the tablet....
Background: Preparation of mini buccal tablets incorporating either of the Alzheimerâ��s drugs, rivastigmine tartrate\nor donepezil hydrochloride, were developed for patients who have difficulty swallowing as a source of effervescence,\nby pairing the less commonly used malic acid with sodium bicarbonate in an experimentally determined (1:2)\nstochiometirc ratio.\nMethods: To avoid premature reaction of the acid and the base during compounding, the tablet ingredients\nwere mixed in the following order: acid, sweetener, binder, drug, preservative, base, and anti-adherent/lubricant.\nResults: An accelerated thermal stability study at 40 �°C and 25% relative humidity showed that the integrity of the\neffervescent tablets containing rivastigmine tartrate were superior to that of donepezil HCl tablets. FT-IR spectrometry\nconfirmed the presence of water of hydrate in donepezil HCl crystals. This water was absent in the IR after one-month\nstorage at accelerated thermal stability, but was present at room temperature. This behavior was not observed in the\ntablet made from rivastigmine tartrate powder. Differential scanning calorimetry of donepezil hydrochloride showed\ntwo thermal events: the first was associated with the loss of the water, and the second, at much higher temperature,\nwas the melting of theanhydrous drug. Such behavior was not observed in the rivastigmine tartrate powder.\nConclusions: Hidden water which may function as catalyst to induce premature effervescence during storage....
Hollow multilayered capsules have shown massive potential for being used in the\nbiomedical and biotechnology fields, in applications such as cellular internalization, intracellular\ntrafficking, drug delivery, or tissue engineering. In particular, hollow microcapsules, developed\nby resorting to porous calcium carbonate sacrificial templates, natural-origin building blocks and\nthe prominent Layer-by-Layer (LbL) technology, have attracted increasing attention owing to\ntheir key features. However, these microcapsules revealed a great tendency to aggregate, which\nrepresents a major hurdle when aiming for cellular internalization and intracellular therapeutics\ndelivery. Herein, we report the preparation of well-dispersed polysaccharide-based hollow multilayered\nmicrocapsules by combining the LbL technique with an optimized purification process. Cationic\nchitosan (CHT) and anionic alginate (ALG) were chosen as the marine origin polysaccharides\ndue to their biocompatibility and structural similarity to the extracellular matrices of living\ntissues. Moreover, the inexpensive and highly versatile LbL technology was used to fabricate\ncore-shell microparticles and hollow multilayered microcapsules, with precise control over their\ncomposition and physicochemical properties, by repeating the alternate deposition of both materials.\nThe microcapsules� synthesis procedure was optimized to extensively reduce their natural aggregation\ntendency, as shown by the morphological analysis monitored by advanced microscopy techniques.\nThe well-dispersed microcapsules showed an enhanced uptake by fibroblasts, opening new perspectives\nfor cellular internalization....
Purpose The main objective of this present study was the investigation of potential novel transdermal patch technology (TEPI�®)\ndelivering ibuprofen as the active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) using a novel poly(ether-urethane)-silicone crosslinked\npressure-sensitive adhesive (PSA) as the drug reservoir in a solvent-free manufacturing process.\nMethods The patch was synthesized utilizing the hot-melt crosslinking technique without the addition of solvents at 80 �°C in\n100% relative humidity. Dissolution and permeation studies performed utilizing diffusion cells and subsequentlyHPLC validated\nmethods were employed to determine the API content in the acceptor solution. Accelerated stability studies were also performed\nat 40 �°C and 70%relative humidity. The adhesive performance of the fabricated patch was evaluated utilizing loop tack adhesion\ntests.\nResults In vitro permeation experiments across both Strat-M�® and human skin demonstrated that ibuprofen can easily be\nreleased from the adhesive matrix and penetrate through the studied membrane. A comparison on the permeation rates of the\nAPI across the two membranes indicated that there is not a strong correlation between the obtained data. The presence of\nchemical enhancers facilitated an increased flux of the API higher than observed in the basic formulation. Initial stability studies\nof the optimized formulation showed no degradation with respect to the drug content. Adhesion studies were also performed\nindicating higher values when compared with commercially available products.\nConclusions The present study demonstrated the fabrication of an ibuprofen patch utilizing a versatile, solvent-free drug delivery\nplatform. Upon optimization of the final system, the resulting patch offers many advantages compared to commercially available\nformulations including high drug loading (up to 25 wt%), good adhesion, and painless removal leaving no residues on the skin.\nThis PSA offers many advantages over existing adhesive technology....
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